Why are carbohydrates in human milk important?

Carbohydrates in human milk play a critical role in promoting the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria, which is essential for the infant's digestive health and immune system development. The primary carbohydrate in human milk is lactose, which not only serves as a source of energy for the infant but also fosters a healthy intestinal environment by acting as a prebiotic. Prebiotics help in the growth and activity of beneficial bacteria in the gut, such as bifidobacteria, which can enhance intestinal health, support the maturation of the immune system, and contribute to the overall well-being of the infant.

This interaction with beneficial bacteria is fundamental since a healthy gut microbiome can aid in the prevention of infections and provide critical metabolic functions. While the other options indicate important roles of carbohydrates, the central focus on stimulating beneficial intestinal bacteria distinctly highlights their unique and essential contribution within the context of feeding human infants.